This technical note sets out the essential elements to effectively manage tax incentives in developing countries, emphasizing the important role that revenue authorities must play in preventing abuses and revenue leakages. The note presents considerations for a risk-based compliance program on tax incentives that combines various supportive, preventative, and corrective practices and approaches. It also delineates key enablers, such as a whole-of-government approach, robust transparency and accountability practices, and a modern compliance risk management framework.